Johnson & Seaton · Plural Publishing. The comprehensive reference for school-based audiology practice, and the foundational text behind nearly every topic on this page.
Free interactive Speech Intelligibility Index calculator. Enter an audiogram and pediatric RECD (3 mo–18 yr or custom) to estimate audibility of 65 dB SPL speech for each ear. Hosted by KIPA Group.
Validated scales for measuring listening-related fatigue in school-age students who are deaf or hard of hearing.
Validated Questionnaires by Age
This table lists functional listening, auditory behavior, and classroom-participation questionnaires commonly used across pediatric and educational audiology practice. Tools are sorted by the youngest age each one addresses, and several span more than one developmental stage. The list is informational and not an endorsement.
Pediatric and educational audiology questionnaires, sorted by youngest age served. Use the filters above to narrow by age range or respondent.
Tool
Age Range
Respondent
Purpose
LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire Coninx et al., 2009
0–24 mo
Parent
Auditory development, especially post-amplification or implant.
IT-MAIS, Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale Zimmerman-Phillips et al., 1997
5–36 mo
Clinician interview with parent
Auditory awareness milestones in infants and toddlers.
ELF, Early Listening Function Anderson, 2002
Birth–3 yrs
Parent / caregiver
Listening behaviors and developmental milestones in early childhood.
PEACH, Parents’ Evaluation of Aural / Oral Performance of Children Ching & Hill, 2007
Birth–7 yrs
Parent
Functional listening in everyday situations.
ABEL, Auditory Behavior in Everyday Life Purdy et al., 2002
2+ yrs
Parent
Auditory function in real-world settings.
CHILD, Children’s Home Inventory of Listening Difficulties Anderson & Smaldino, 2000
3–12 yrs
Parent
Home listening situations across childhood.
Preschool SIFTER Anderson, 1989
3–5 yrs
Teacher
Five-domain functional screening for preschoolers.
TEACH, Teachers’ Evaluation of Aural / Oral Performance of Children Ching et al., 2009
3+ yrs (preschool through school-age)
Teacher
Companion to PEACH for school/classroom listening.
MAIS, Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale Robbins et al., 1991
4+ yrs
Clinician interview
Auditory behaviors, particularly post-amplification or implant.
The Listening Inventory Geffner & Ross-Swain, 2006
4–17 yrs
Parent + Teacher
103-item informal observation across listening situations.
FLE, Functional Listening Evaluation Johnson & Von Almen
5+ yrs
Clinician-administered
Speech recognition under classroom-relevant conditions (Handbook Appendix 5–H).
SIFTER (Elementary) Anderson, 1989
5–11 yrs (K–5)
Teacher
Five-domain functional screening for elementary students.
Fisher’s Auditory Problems Checklist Fisher, 1985
5–12 yrs (K–6)
Teacher
25-item screening for auditory-processing behaviors (Handbook Appendix 5–K).
LIFE-R, Listening Inventory For Education-Revised Anderson, Smaldino & Spangler, 2023
Grade 1+ (~6–18 yrs)
Student + Teacher
Classroom listening difficulty across school situations.
ECLiPS, Evaluation of Children’s Listening and Processing Skills Barry & Moore, 2014
6–11 yrs
Caregiver
Auditory and listening behaviors in school-age children.
Self-perceived participation in mainstream classrooms for students who are deaf or hard of hearing (Handbook Appendix 5–J).
SAB, Scale of Auditory Behaviors Schow et al., 2018 · in MAPA-2
School-age
Parent + Teacher
Functional auditory behaviors.
VFS-Pediatric, Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale, Pediatric Hornsby et al.
6–12 yrs
Student self-report
Listening-related fatigue in school-age children who are deaf or hard of hearing.
VFS-Adolescent, Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale, Adolescent Hornsby et al.
13–17 yrs
Student self-report
Listening-related fatigue in adolescent students who are deaf or hard of hearing.
VFS-Adult, Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale, Adult Hornsby et al.
18+ yrs
Self-report
Listening-related fatigue in adults; useful for transition-age students and college-bound seniors.
VFS-Parent, Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale, Parent Proxy Hornsby et al.
School-age (6–17 yrs, follows child)
Parent
Parent observation of child’s listening-related fatigue.
VFS-Teacher, Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale, Teacher Proxy Hornsby et al.
School-age (6–17 yrs, follows student)
Teacher
Teacher observation of student’s listening-related fatigue across the school day.
Adolescent SIFTER Anderson
12+ yrs (secondary)
Teacher
Five-domain functional screening adapted for secondary settings.
UCAPI, University of Cincinnati Auditory Processing Inventory Keith et al., 2020
Adolescent and adult (~13+ yrs)
Self-report
APD self-assessment for older students and adults.
APD Assessment Tools & Questionnaires
This section lists common APD assessment tools and questionnaires referenced in the Colorado Department of Education's APD Guidelines. These are commercial products from various publishers, so check with each vendor directly for current availability. The list is informational, not an endorsement.
Diagnostic Tests & Test Batteries
SCAN-3:C / SCAN-3:A, children's and adolescent/adult batteries (Pearson Assessments)
Comprehensive assessment leads to better decisions.
From the audiogram to functional listening, EAA resources help educational audiologists evaluate the whole student in their actual learning environment.
An assessment that measures how a student listens in real or simulated classroom conditions, noise, distance, distractors, and competing talkers, rather than just in a quiet booth.
When is APD assessment appropriate?
APD assessment is appropriate when a student's listening difficulty exceeds what the audiogram would predict, typically a school-age student with normal peripheral hearing but consistent listening complaints.
How does educational assessment differ from clinical?
Educational assessments focus on functional impact in the classroom and inform school-based decisions. Clinical assessments focus on diagnosis and medical management.
How often should students be reassessed?
Triennial reevaluations are standard under IDEA, but more frequent reassessment may be warranted as hearing changes, technology changes, or academic demands shift.
Have a resource to suggest?
Help keep this page current. EAA members are welcome to suggest resources to add.
